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深入實施種業振興行動 著力構建與大食物觀相適應的種業創新體系

農(nong)業農(nong)村部種業管(guan)理(li)司司長 劉(liu)莉華

黨中央、國務院(yuan)高度(du)重(zhong)視確保(bao)國家糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)安全(quan)，習(xi)近(jin)平總書(shu)記多(duo)次作(zuo)出(chu)重(zhong)要(yao)指示批示。樹(shu)立(li)大(da)農業觀(guan)(guan)、大(da)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)，構建(jian)多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)供(gong)給(gei)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，是(shi)保(bao)障糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)和(he)重(zhong)要(yao)農產品(pin)穩(wen)定(ding)安全(quan)供(gong)給(gei)的重(zhong)要(yao)舉措，必須從培育更多(duo)自(zi)主優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)入手(shou)，從源頭上為多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)供(gong)給(gei)提供(gong)堅實(shi)(shi)支撐。《國務院(yuan)辦公廳(ting)關于踐行(xing)(xing)大(da)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)構建(jian)多(duo)元化(hua)(hua)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)供(gong)給(gei)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)的意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》(以(yi)下簡(jian)稱《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》)明確提出(chu)，加快育種(zhong)創新(xin)，深(shen)入實(shi)(shi)施(shi)種(zhong)業振(zhen)興行(xing)(xing)動(dong)，構建(jian)與食(shi)物(wu)(wu)開(kai)發相適應的種(zhong)業創新(xin)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。貫徹落實(shi)(shi)習(xi)近(jin)平總書(shu)記重(zhong)要(yao)指示批示精神和(he)《意(yi)(yi)見(jian)》部(bu)署，要(yao)立(li)足(zu)更高質量滿足(zu)人(ren)民群眾多(duo)元食(shi)物(wu)(wu)消費和(he)營養(yang)健康需(xu)求，深(shen)刻領會(hui)大(da)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)的科學(xue)內涵(han)、基(ji)本原則和(he)核心要(yao)義，切實(shi)(shi)增強踐行(xing)(xing)大(da)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)觀(guan)(guan)的思(si)想自(zi)覺(jue)行(xing)(xing)動(dong)自(zi)覺(jue)，錨(mao)定(ding)實(shi)(shi)現種(zhong)業科技自(zi)立(li)自(zi)強、種(zhong)源自(zi)主可控(kong)的戰略目標，明確工(gong)作(zuo)思(si)路，突出(chu)重(zhong)點(dian)任(ren)務，全(quan)力抓(zhua)好(hao)措施(shi)落實(shi)(shi)，務求取得實(shi)(shi)效。

在工作思(si)路上(shang)，從更(geng)(geng)好滿(man)(man)足(zu)人(ren)民美好生活(huo)需(xu)要(yao)出發(fa)(fa)，堅持目(mu)標(biao)導(dao)向(xiang)、問(wen)題導(dao)向(xiang)，對標(biao)對表種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)振興行(xing)動(dong)目(mu)標(biao)任務，扎實(shi)推進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，為農林牧漁產業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)更(geng)(geng)豐富多樣的(de)(de)優(you)質種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源。要(yao)堅持底線思(si)維、保(bao)供(gong)優(you)先。統(tong)籌(chou)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)安(an)全，立足(zu)國(guo)內抓好主要(yao)糧油作物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)和(he)(he)大宗種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)畜禽(qin)生產，強化種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)安(an)全風險監測(ce)預(yu)警和(he)(he)有效防控，把當家品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)牢(lao)牢(lao)攥在自己手里，用(yong)中(zhong)國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)保(bao)障中(zhong)國(guo)糧食(shi)安(an)全。堅持系統(tong)觀念、統(tong)籌(chou)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。立足(zu)我國(guo)資源稟賦，掌握人(ren)民群(qun)眾食(shi)物結(jie)(jie)構變化趨勢，加快發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)壯大經濟作物和(he)(he)地(di)方特色(se)畜禽(qin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)，保(bao)障糧棉油糖(tang)、果菜茶菌、豬牛羊(yang)禽(qin)、魚蝦蟹貝等各類(lei)農產品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源有效供(gong)給(gei)，滿(man)(man)足(zu)多元化食(shi)物開發(fa)(fa)需(xu)要(yao)。堅持創新驅(qu)動(dong)、提(ti)質增(zeng)(zeng)效。著力(li)突破品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、技(ji)術(shu)、育(yu)(yu)制種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裝(zhuang)備(bei)等瓶頸制約，增(zeng)(zeng)強科技(ji)創新對種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)的(de)(de)支(zhi)撐能力(li)，用(yong)現代(dai)農業(ye)科技(ji)和(he)(he)物質裝(zhuang)備(bei)拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)空間，選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)更(geng)(geng)多優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)斷豐富老(lao)百姓餐桌(zhuo)。堅持市(shi)場導(dao)向(xiang)、調優(you)結(jie)(jie)構。瞄(miao)準(zhun)市(shi)場消費變化，優(you)化調整品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)(yu)方向(xiang)和(he)(he)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)生產供(gong)應結(jie)(jie)構，實(shi)現各類(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)供(gong)求(qiu)平衡，更(geng)(geng)好地(di)滿(man)(man)足(zu)農業(ye)生產用(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)要(yao)。

在重點任(ren)務上(shang)，緊盯(ding)農業生產和市場消(xiao)費對優良品種的(de)緊迫需(xu)求，圍繞種質資源保(bao)護(hu)利用、育種創新(xin)攻關、供種能力提升、種業市場凈化(hua)等環節，加快構建與多元(yuan)化(hua)食(shi)物開(kai)發(fa)相適(shi)應的(de)種業創新(xin)體系。

一是(shi)強化(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)，拓展(zhan)食(shi)物(wu)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)渠(qu)道。加快(kuai)國(guo)(guo)家畜禽(qin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)庫(ku)、農業微生物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)庫(ku)建(jian)設，建(jian)設好(hao)中國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)“種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子銀行”，守衛(wei)人類糧食(shi)安全底線(xian)和(he)(he)生物(wu)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開發根基。在(zai)加快(kuai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)精準鑒定(ding)上下功(gong)夫，聚(ju)合科研、企業等多方(fang)力量，篩(shai)選挖掘(jue)優異種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質和(he)(he)基因(yin)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，挖掘(jue)植物(wu)、動(dong)物(wu)、微生物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質的(de)(de)供能(neng)供蛋白潛力，拓展(zhan)食(shi)物(wu)來(lai)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)新的(de)(de)途(tu)徑。加強食(shi)用(yong)菌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)挖掘(jue)和(he)(he)保護利用(yong)，實施玉米(mi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質改(gai)良計劃，創制一批“可用(yong)、好(hao)用(yong)、想用(yong)”的(de)(de)優異新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質。加強地方(fang)特色種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)開發利用(yong)，堅(jian)持保用(yong)結(jie)合、以用(yong)促保，推動(dong)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)優勢轉化(hua)為產業優勢。

二(er)是強(qiang)化育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)創新(xin)攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)，豐富餐桌食(shi)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)類。聚焦高產(chan)(chan)穩產(chan)(chan)、綠色優質、適宜機收(shou)等戰略目標和大面積單產(chan)(chan)提升需求，統籌實(shi)施(shi)好(hao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源關(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵核心技(ji)術(shu)攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)、農業(ye)生物(wu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重大專項(xiang)等項(xiang)目，發(fa)揮育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聯合(he)(he)攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)機制(zhi)作用(yong)，突破一批核心種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源和關(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵技(ji)術(shu)。推(tui)進種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)創新(xin)基地(di)建(jian)設，加快實(shi)施(shi)國(guo)家南繁硅谷建(jian)設規劃。建(jian)立培(pei)育(yu)(yu)壯大種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)科技(ji)領(ling)軍企(qi)業(ye)機制(zhi)，加強(qiang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)主(zhu)導(dao)的產(chan)(chan)學研(yan)用(yong)深度融合(he)(he)，加快生物(wu)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、大數(shu)據、人工智能等關(guan)(guan)(guan)鍵技(ji)術(shu)集成應用(yong)。強(qiang)化食(shi)用(yong)菌功(gong)能育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和定(ding)向育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，支(zhi)持(chi)地(di)方開展特色作物(wu)和畜禽育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聯合(he)(he)攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)，培(pei)育(yu)(yu)和推(tui)廣口感(gan)好(hao)、品(pin)(pin)質佳(jia)、營養豐、多抗廣適新(xin)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

三是(shi)強化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)基地建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，保(bao)(bao)障食(shi)物種(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)供給。調(diao)整優(you)化(hua)(hua)國家級種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)基地布局，新增一(yi)批(pi)國家級制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)大縣、區域性(xing)良種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)基地、畜(chu)禽核心(xin)育(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)場和水產原(yuan)良種(zhong)(zhong)場，提升供種(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)(bao)障能(neng)力。推動出臺(tai)國家黑龍江(jiang)大豆種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)基地建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)規劃。統籌制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)大縣獎勵(li)、現代(dai)種(zhong)(zhong)業(ye)提升工程等(deng)項目(mu)資金，完(wan)(wan)善(shan)制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)大縣和龍頭企業(ye)共建(jian)機(ji)制(zhi)，加(jia)快提升制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)水平。加(jia)強食(shi)用菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)體系建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，改造提升菌種(zhong)(zhong)生產設(she)(she)(she)施。完(wan)(wan)善(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)源(yuan)應急保(bao)(bao)供預案，優(you)化(hua)(hua)國家和省級救災備(bei)荒(huang)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)儲備(bei)結(jie)構。鼓勵(li)地方(fang)布局建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)特色優(you)勢制(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)基地，滿足(zu)多元化(hua)(hua)食(shi)物生產的用種(zhong)(zhong)需求(qiu)。

四是強化種(zhong)(zhong)業市場凈化，營造(zao)創新發展環境。加強品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)源頭治理(li)，持續推進(jin)“仿(fang)種(zhong)(zhong)子”清理(li)、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定綠(lv)色通道和聯(lian)合(he)體試(shi)驗整(zheng)(zheng)治，完善品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定登記辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，合(he)理(li)提高品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)準入門檻，加快推行(xing)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)身份證制度。修(xiu)訂食用菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)管理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)(fa)，加強食用菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)知識產權(quan)(quan)保護(hu)。聯(lian)合(he)公(gong)檢法(fa)(fa)(fa)等繼續開展種(zhong)(zhong)業打假(jia)護(hu)權(quan)(quan)專項整(zheng)(zheng)治，對(dui)重大案件實(shi)行(xing)聯(lian)合(he)掛(gua)牌督辦(ban)，嚴厲打擊假(jia)冒侵權(quan)(quan)等違法(fa)(fa)(fa)犯(fan)罪(zui)行(xing)為。深入開展種(zhong)(zhong)業監(jian)管執法(fa)(fa)(fa)年(nian)活動，緊(jin)盯春夏播、秋冬種(zhong)(zhong)關(guan)鍵節點(dian)，組織開展制種(zhong)(zhong)大縣(xian)、企業、市場和網絡售種(zhong)(zhong)檢查，發布典型(xing)案例(li)，形成有力震懾，營造(zao)激勵創新、保護(hu)創新的良好氛圍。

來源：中(zhong)國(guo)農村網